9701 Chemistry November 2025 Question Paper 12

What is the electrons in boxes notation for the Fe3+ ion?

Which equation has an energy change that is equal to the first ionisation energy of bromine?

The reaction of hydrogen sulfide with sulfur dioxide gives sulfur as one of the products. The two relevant redox equations are shown. H2S(aq) S(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2e– SO2(aq) + 4H+(aq) + 4e– S(s) + 2H2O(l) How many moles of hydrogen sulfide are needed to react with sulfur dioxide to produce 1 mol of sulfur?

Which statement is correct?

The bonding between two atoms of nitrogen in an N2 molecule involves the hybridisation of atomic orbitals to form sp orbitals. Which row is correct? formation of the  bond between the nitrogen atoms in N2 type of orbital which contains the lone pair of electrons on each nitrogen atom in N2

Three bond angles are labelled on the molecule shown. H S

X and Y are different elements in Period 3. Atoms of X and Y each have only one completely filled orbital in their highest occupied energy sub-shell. Y has a greater first ionisation energy than X. Which row shows the structure and bonding in X and Y? X Y

A pure sample of a gas has a density of 2.62 g dm–3 at 101 000 Pa and 25 °C. The gas behaves ideally under these conditions. Which expression gives the Mr of the gas?

When 0.47 g of a hydrocarbon is completely burnt in air, the energy released heats 200 g of water from 23.7 °C to 41.0 °C. What is the amount of energy absorbed, in Joules, by the water?

One commercially available ‘heat pad’ contains iron, activated carbon and water. The ‘heat pad’ is activated by air. This causes the pad to get hotter. Which statement describes the chemical reaction occurring in the ‘heat pad’ when it is exposed to air?

In which substance is the average oxidation number of sulfur the highest?

An equilibrium can be represented by the equation shown. P(aq) + Q(aq) 2R(aq) + S(aq) In a certain mixture, of volume 1.0 dm3, the equilibrium concentration of Q is 10 mol dm–3. What will be the new equilibrium concentration of Q if 5.0 mol of pure Q is completely dissolved in the mixture?

In the Contact process, sulfur dioxide and oxygen react to form sulfur trioxide. In the Haber process, nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia. Which statement about these processes is correct?

20.0 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. 160 cm3 of oxygen, measured at room conditions, is produced in 5.00 minutes. What is the average rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide during this reaction period?

Which reaction pathway diagram shows an endothermic reaction that occurs in two steps and in which the second step of the reaction is likely to be faster than the first? energy extent of reaction

Oxides of nitrogen, NOx, are involved in formation of photochemical smog and acid rain. Which oxides of nitrogen are involved in each of these processes? photochemical smog acid rain NO NO2 NO NO2

Sodium and sulfur react together to form sodium sulfide, Na2S. How do the atomic radius and ionic radius of sodium compare with those of sulfur? atomic radius ionic radius

Compound X is an oxide of a Period 3 element. Compound X is a white solid at 25 °C. It reacts with water to form an acidic solution. What is compound X?

When heated, magnesium nitrate decomposes. Which equation for the thermal decomposition of magnesium nitrate is correct?

R is the aqueous solution of an ionic compound. ● A white precipitate is formed when R is added to Sr(NO3)2(aq). ● No visible reaction is seen when R is added to dilute HNO3(aq). What is the anion present in compound R?

In an experiment, 0.600 mol of chlorine gas, Cl 2, is reacted with an excess of hot aqueous sodium hydroxide. One of the products is NaCl O3. Which mass of NaCl O3 is formed?

X and Y are sodium salts of Group 17 elements. When X reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen sulfide, H2S, is produced. When Y reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid, there is no change in the oxidation number of the sulfur. Which statement is correct?

Element E is in Period 3. It forms a chloride which reacts with a small amount of water to produce a white precipitate and steamy fumes. This precipitate is soluble in NaOH(aq) and in HCl (aq). What is element E?

Four reaction mixtures are listed. (NH4)2SO4(aq) and NaOH NH4Cl (aq) and Ba(OH)2 NH4Cl (aq) and Na2O (NH4)3PO4(aq) and HCl Which reaction mixtures produce ammonia as a product?

Two statements about a molecule of methanal are given. It is planar. It contains three  bonds. Which statements are correct?

The structure of disodium cromoglycate is shown. O O CH OH O O NaO2C OCH2 CH2O CO2Na disodium cromoglycate How many chiral centres are there in this molecule?

What is the major product when 2-methylpent-2-ene reacts with hydrogen bromide?

Pent-2-ene is reacted with cold, dilute, acidified manganate(VII) ions. What is the major product?

Limonene is an oil formed in the peel of citrus fruits.

Which reaction mixture produces a nitrile?

Which reaction is classified as SN1?

Which reaction mixture produces a primary alcohol as the major product?

HOCH2CHO is heated under reflux with an excess of acidified K2Cr2O7 until there is no further reaction. What is the final product of this reaction?

An organometallic lithium compound, RLi, contains the nucleophile R–. CH3CH2Li reacts with pentan-2-one. The mechanism is nucleophilic addition. The first step produces an anion which is then protonated to form the final product. Which organic product is formed? OH

The structure of a naturally occurring compound, Q, is shown. HO OH O O O compound Q Compound Q is heated under reflux with an excess of acidified KMnO4. Organic product R is formed. Which row is correct? results of tests with compound Q results of tests with organic product R

Which organic starting material could be used in a single reaction to produce propanoic acid?

In four separate reactions, W, X, Y and Z, 1 mol of an organic compound reacts with an excess of a reagent. organic compound reagent W (CH2COOH)2 Na X CH3CH(OH)CH2COOH Na2CO3 Y CH3CH(OH)CH2COOH NaOH Z CH(OH)(COOH)CH2COOH Na The volume of any gas produced is collected and measured. All gas volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. What is the order of the reactions from greatest total volume of gas collected to least total volume of gas collected? greatest volume least volume

Butylamine can be produced by the reaction of butanenitrile with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Which volume of hydrogen, measured at room conditions, is required to react completely with 0.500 g of butanenitrile?

A section of an addition polymer is shown.

The purity of a compound can be determined using infrared spectroscopy. The table gives the characteristic infrared absorption frequencies for some selected bonds. bond functional groups containing the bond characteristic infrared absorption range (in wavenumbers) / cm–1 C–O hydroxy, ester 1040–1300 C=O amide carbonyl, carboxyl ester 1640–1690 1670–1740 1710–1750 C=C aromatic compound, alkene 1500–1680 C–H alkane 2850–2950 O–H carboxyl hydroxy 2500–3000 3200–3650 N–H amine, amide 3300–3500 C≡N nitrile 2200–2250 Propan-2-ol is made by hydration of propene. A sample of the product is obtained. Which feature of the infrared spectrum of the product would show that no propene remains in the product?